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2026, Vol: 4, Issue: 2
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Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.

Bello Arkilla Magaji, Jamila Abubakar Garba, Bello Hali, Zainab Bashir, Abubakar Umar Tilli, Husseini Faruq Umar, Sadiq Umar Abdullahi.


Abstract
Background:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global health concern, particularly in Africa, where mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is a major route of infection. The administration of the hepatitis B birth dose (HepB-BD) vaccine within 24 hours of birth is a proven strategy to reduce perinatal HBV transmission. However, the uptake of this vaccine in Nigeria remains suboptimal. This study assesses the awareness, perception, and barriers to the uptake of the HepB-BD vaccine among mothers attending antenatal clinics at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.

Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 360 pregnant women at UDUTH. Data were collected in July 2024 using a semi-structured questionnaire administered via Open Data Kit (ODK). Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed for analysis using SPSS version 25.

Results:
Most (61.4%) of the respondents fell within the 21–30-year age group. The majority (81.9%) were aware of the HepB-BD vaccine, though only 72.5% knew its recommended timing. Key barriers included lack of husband’s approval (24.7%), disbelief in vaccine efficacy (20.6%), and insufficient knowledge (23.2%). Significant associations were observed between vaccine uptake and maternal education (p < 0.001), urban residence (p < 0.001), and positive perception of vaccine safety (p = 0.001). Health personnel were the primary information source (72.8%). Despite high awareness, 20.3% of infants had not received the vaccine.

Conclusion:
While awareness of the HepB-BD vaccine was relatively high, cultural barriers and socio-demographic disparities hindered uptake. Targeted interventions addressing spousal engagement, community education, and healthcare provider training are essential to improve vaccine coverage

Key words: Key Words: Hepatitis B, vaccine, perception, mother-to-child transmission.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Magaji BA, Garba JA, Hali B, Bashir Z, Tilli AU, Umar HF, Abdullahi SU. Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078

Web Style

Magaji BA, Garba JA, Hali B, Bashir Z, Tilli AU, Umar HF, Abdullahi SU. Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.. https://www.crjmed.com/?mno=243078 [Access: June 24, 2026]. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Magaji BA, Garba JA, Hali B, Bashir Z, Tilli AU, Umar HF, Abdullahi SU. Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Magaji BA, Garba JA, Hali B, Bashir Z, Tilli AU, Umar HF, Abdullahi SU. Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078


Harvard Style

Magaji, B. A., Garba, . J. A., Hali, . B., Bashir, . Z., Tilli, . A. U., Umar, . H. F. & Abdullahi, . S. U. (2026) Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078


Turabian Style

Magaji, Bello Arkilla, Jamila Abubakar Garba, Bello Hali, Zainab Bashir, Abubakar Umar Tilli, Husseini Faruq Umar, and Sadiq Umar Abdullahi. 2026. Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078


Chicago Style

Magaji, Bello Arkilla, Jamila Abubakar Garba, Bello Hali, Zainab Bashir, Abubakar Umar Tilli, Husseini Faruq Umar, and Sadiq Umar Abdullahi. "Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.." doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Magaji, Bello Arkilla, Jamila Abubakar Garba, Bello Hali, Zainab Bashir, Abubakar Umar Tilli, Husseini Faruq Umar, and Sadiq Umar Abdullahi. "Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.." doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Magaji, B. A., Garba, . J. A., Hali, . B., Bashir, . Z., Tilli, . A. U., Umar, . H. F. & Abdullahi, . S. U. (2026) Awareness, Perception, and Barriers to the Uptake of the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine Among Mothers Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.243078


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